Second National Bank and Portrait Gallery
The debate about federalism versus states’ rights is a timeless issue in the United States. During weakened economic conditions, Americans have historically debated over how best to solve the problem—and some believe it should be solved with federal oversight of the country’s finances. This describes the significance of the Second Bank of the United States.
Located on historic Chestnut Street in Old City, Philadelphia, the Second Bank of the United States was founded due to debt incurred during the War of 1812. The famous debate of Biddle versus Jackson emphasized the struggle of America’s identity as a democratic republic in the 19th century. Biddle believed that the centralized bank could resolve America’s economic woes; President Jackson viewed it as antagonistic to the goals of a republic.
The bank itself was architecturally inspired by Nicholas Biddle, who had been to Greece personally. While other buildings in Philadelphia exhibit the Greek Revivalist style, the Second National Bank is especially imposing and more reminiscent of buildings such as the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the White House, located in Washington, D.C., our nation’s present capital.
The building ceased to function as a bank by the mid 19th century, though it now remains open for tour as a portrait gallery. The gallery features Washington’s death mask in addition to multiple portraits of historically important individuals including presidents, thinkers, founders, inventors and financiers.
The Second Bank of the United States is a valuable tourist spot destination and teaching tool—it opens the conversation to financial issues relevant in both the past and present. Its significance certainly goes beyond the impressive nature of the building, which unfortunately intimidates many tourists.
The Second Bank is part of Independence National Historic Park, though many passers-by assume it is presently functioning as a bank or private business institution. This Old City attraction is particularly ideal for tourists looking to escape the crowds of the more popular destinations nearby. During the summer, the Second National Bank is a reputably cool and less crowded venue for more discerning tourists interested in studying history.
- by Tara M. Clapper, Wilmington Reporter for HelloMetro
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Tara M. ClapperTara M. Clapper is a full-time freelance writer residing just outside of Philadelphia. Tara enjoys exploring traditional and historical locations in the city as well as quirky and innovative restaurants and attractions. Tara utilizes her background in academic, service-based and traditional publishing to create insider-perspective articles. Her topics of interest include travel, weddings, Irish American culture, and geek subculture.
